• Infracardiac TAPVR
    • Severely dilated and moderately hypertrophied right ventricle
    • Right ventricular systolic dysfunction
    • Bowing of the interventricular septum into the left ventricle consistent with systemic to suprasystemic RV pressures
    • Compressed left ventricle

Echocardiographic Assessment: Parasternal Long Axis

  • Right ventricular size and function (often dilated and hypertrophied)
  • Left ventricular size and function (often underfilled/compressed in appearance)
  • Assess for pulmonary hypertension (dilated and hypertropied right ventricle, right ventricular dysfunction, pancaking of left ventricle with septal flattening)

  • Transducer placed on the left sternal border
  • 3rd or 4th intercostal space
  • Notch pointed towards the patient's right shoulder (11 o'clock)