• Tetralogy of Fallot
    • Large anterior malalignment VSD
    • The aorta overrides the native ventricular septum (overriding aorta)
    • Moderate right ventricular hypertrophy
  • Tetralogy of Fallot
    • Large anterior malalignment VSD with left to right shunting
    • The aorta overrides the native ventricular septum (overriding aorta)
    • Moderate right ventricular hypertrophy

Echocardiographic Assessment: Parasternal long axis

  • VSD anatomy (size, direction of shunting by color and spectral Doppler, often bidirectional shunting secondary to large VSD, increased RV pressures)
  • Overriding aorta (position of aorta, degree of override)  
  • Demonstrate aortic-to-mitral continuity
    • Aortic-to-mitral continuity consistent with TOF
    • Aortic-to-mitral discontinuity consistent more with double outlet right ventricle (DORV)
    • Assess RV size (assess for RVH commonly found with TOF)
    • Assess biventricular systolic function